pStudyloop

In 1999, Kevin Ashton worked at P&G. He found that a popular lipstick was often out of stock in stores. The computer system showed it was in stock, but the shelf was empty. At the same time, RFID chips—which were first used for military security—were getting smaller. They were now ready to be used in everyday products. Kevin Ashton had an idea: put tiny RFID chips into the packaging and use readers on shelves to track inventory. To get funding from top managers, he named his